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Android

The State of ‘Google Android and Android, What can Google and Android do to resurrect their brands

Low –rent district of the mobile platform, at the bottom of the Android food chain, suffering the slings and arrows of an outrageous fortune, the onset of malware onslaught, the Android landscape decimation, on to second-rate future. These are some of the term used to describe the current state of Android.

On Google Android

Google Play’s quality as we all know is depleting with a zillion apps in their app store and no quality control whatsoever. Navigating the store to find the best apps is a herculean task in itself. No wonder that the Amazons and Samsungs of the world are bringing their own spin to this open source platform to make it their own. Amazon for example recently launched a beta version of an API enabling Android developers to place Amazon-based ads in their apps. Samsung is pursuing the mobile enterprise market with SAFE which aims to deliver corporate-grade devices on the Android platform.

On Android

In its semiannual mobile device activation analysis, Good reports that nearly 77% of devices activated by its corporate customers in Q4 2012 were powered by iOS, up from 71% in the fourth quarter of 2011. Android’s already modest share of the enterprise mobile OS market actually declined in Q4 2012 to 22.7% from 29% in the year-ago quarter.

Android also continues to draw the most malware threats with 79% of all mobile malware in 2012 a steep spike from 10% in 2010. Apple iOS on the other hand drew only .7% of all mobile attacks. Security definitely being a key point of Apple.

The fragmentation does not bear good news for Android either with Google hardware partners like Samsung and HTC deploying their versions of Android. So now they are a zillion versions of Android floating around which causes severe brand confusion.

How can Google Android save its ecosystem?

Well, there’s a lot Google can do. As Collin Gibbs mentions in his blog “Will Google Become the Slumlord of the Android”, Google can create an “uber-Android ecosystem. For one, it can start with creating “private channels” to distribute custom built Android applications – this it has already started to do. Google should work with new manufacturing businesses to develop gadgets that are more tightly integrated with Android than another other hardware vendor can build.

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Using Fragments to Design Android Based Applications

Fragment is a modular approach to design the User interface for the android based application. Fragment concept is introduced in android 3.0 (API level 11). Fragment gives the liberty to user for designing layouts which supports mobile as well as tablet version of the application.

Through this blog I would like to share some of the fundamentals and working of the fragment and how can we achieve the scalable interface with fragment.

Fragment gives immense opportunity to User interface designer to get the fill of mobile and tablet. Fragment runs with the activity which started it and it has its own life cycle as activity has the only difference with life cycle of fragment is it is managed by the activity which hosted the fragment. In the case of activity the life cycle is managed by android system. You can consider the fragment as sub-activity of the activity which runs in its own world managed by host activity. Fragment’s life cycle is affected by the life cycle of the host activity. As the activity pause the fragment pauses and if activity destroys the fragment destroys.

Fragment lives in the ViewGroup when you add them in the activity and stays there till activity lives.

Above image shows the behavior of the fragment on tablet and mobile device. the UI is automatically get adjusted according to device.

 

Creating Fragment

  1. XML : <fragment> tag is use to add the fragment in the xml file of the android application
  2. By code:  FragmentManager api is used to add the fragment into your application. Which is followed by add, update and delete of the fragment.

Type of Fragment

  1. DiglogFragment: Used to show floating dialog in the activity. Why this is difference from conventional dialog api is that it maintains the stack of the dialog show so application can have stack of the displayed dialog and user can get back the previously shown dialog.
  1. ListFragment:  Displays list of items which are managed by the adapter and it provides several methods to mange that li
  1. PreferenceFragment: Displays list of nested preference objects as similar to preference Activity. This is useful when creating the settings activity for the application.

Fragment Transaction

  1. Add() : adds a fragment to the back stack and shows to the user
  2. Remove() : removes particular fragment from the back stack and manages other fragment accordingly
  3. Replace (): replace the existing fragment with new one.
  4. Commit() : the important call to perform all the above transaction

When to use fragment?

  1. When your application need to support portrait as well as landscape mode
  2. Applications designs have multi pan content
  3. Application needs to support mobile as well as tablets
  4. Re-usability of the UI components

Life Cycle comparison with Activity (Important)

Above image clearly state the fragment’s life cycle method in line with Activities methods so developers needs to keep this things handy while developing for the fragments.

For more details: http://developer.android.com/guide/components/fragments.html

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Is RIM Making a Return with BB10?

What Does Missing the Holiday Boat Mean?

Finally, RIM decides to launch it’s BB 10 Smartphones on Jan 30th after a much delayed launch. Jan 30th means that it would have skipped the 2012 holiday season and show up months after new iPhones and Androids probably would have invaded the marketplace.  CEO Thorsten Heins seems to be optimistic about it, but the fact remains that RIM has a lot of work to do to prevent the brand from a downward spiral and be profitable again. Test versions of the BB10 devices did win some accolades from the developer and carrier community, but RIM still needs to cross the chasm with the end user community. It plans a projected launch of about 100,000 apps – which is still a fraction of what Apple or Google are doing.

All Eggs in One Basket?

It’s but evident that the company is staking it’s future on this new release through a line of smartphones that will run on BB10 or BB10 OS. The claim to fame of the new OS is a faster and smoother user interface and a better platform for apps that are critical to a smartphone’s success.  Some interface concepts such as ‘flow and peak’ and a seamless movement between the new apps are all being talked about as BB’s USPs. The question is if this is going to enough of RIM to restart their stalled growth?

Will This be Another Playbook?

The playbook tablet fell short by a margin back in 2011 for various reasons – insufficient application ecosystem, lack of support and software glitches. Hope BB realizes the importance of app libraries apart from releasing a state-of-the-art OS and devices to prevent unsold inventory and tepid demand. They need not have a slew of applications but will definitely have to ensure the profitability of their application developer’s portal.

How is RIM Going to Build Long Term Value?

RIM has the mind share of the Asian market but needs to gain the confidence of the US and other North American customers. Gaining support from the carriers then will go a long way to establish themselves as a true ‘mobile computing’ maven as those companies are looking for a handset supplier. For carriers, it’s giving a broader choice of devices for their user base and think beyond the two giants.

Another value proposition, the company offers unique hardware and software in one package, something which Microsoft may change but definitely puts RIM at a good footing. The company also boasts of user-friendly keyboard, trusted security features and multiple language functionality, but in a world of stiff competition, these features might get sidelined.

RIM needs to win over their developer community and convince them that they would be successful on this platform. The BB Jam conferences had sparse attendance and little excitement from developers which does not help the cause. Remember how Microsoft gave away Surfaces at their developer’s summit? There might be some lessons to learn here.

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Will Mini Matter? – A Lowdown on iPad Mini and Apple’s Tablet Strategy

 

The 7-inch tablet market is crowded!

Apple wants to stay ahead in the tablet market race- yes, that’s a no brainer. And, it decides to diverge from the classic iPad to compete with the Kindles, Nooks and Nexus’s by launching its new 7-incher – iPad Mini. Ok so far so good, but wait …it’s priced at $329! Marginally higher than what the other 7-inchers are charging. We know that Apple still needs to use a lot of Samsung components within its device inspite of the big fall out and obviously; Samsung is not being very nice to them. But the question still remains – what does that tablet at that price point mean to the consumer? If I had an iPhone 5 and the traditional iPad, would there be a need for me to house a mini, unless I am a gadget freak!

Mini responses, mini lines

We are used to Apple’s products being launched with fanfare and long lines at every retail store in the world. Well, for the mini baby, the first truth holds, but the second does not. There was a very lukewarm response across all retail stores worldwide. Computer World in its blog post on the iPad Mini drops the following stats on the response rate – 50 people waited outside its store in Sydney, Australia, 100 sat in wait at Tokyo and Seoul, 100 gathered outside its store in Amsterdam, Maybe 100 took position at the company’s flagship Regent Street, London store. US stores had some mixed reactions with NY seeing almost 500 people wait. Nevertheless, these numbers are slim compared to what we’re used to.

So, what’s new in here?

No denying that it is lighter and thinner than other competing tablets. Looks crisp even without the retina display. It claims that it can be operated with one hand but sources say that it might be a long shot. Typing has been a challenge as well. It runs iOS6 but the zooming and pinching is not seamless and it takes a while to load the apps – well longer than it takes for the traditional iPad. It should definitely appeal to women who can throw these in their purses instead of carrying other bulky tablets but other than that and the gadgets freaks, who is this meant for? May be folks who are frustrated with their non-apple 7-inchers? Not sure how big of a market that is? No doubt, it is stylish, like Apple’s products usually are, but can style sell over utility – especially in a market that is so crowded.

Where is Apple heading?

In the recent past there has been a lot backlash and bad blood around various issues for Job’s empire. First, the feuds with Samsung around the patents and then about the working conditions in its factories. Definitely, does not help to build the brand image which Jobs was possibly envisioning. And, seems like Apple is in a big rush to do many product launches in a short span of time. Possible reason is that the tablet market is exploding and they want to keep pace to keep the market share especially when Microsoft and Google are going big guns. But is there a chance that they’re moving way too fast without a well-defined market need to release less than best products? And if so then where is the company heading?

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Google’s Rejoinder to Microsoft and Apple – The Tablet and BookWars are Here!

The three musketeers go head-on

Microsoft makes its tablet debut by announcing pre-orders of Surface a few days back. Surface runs on Windows RT, a special OS designed for tablets. This was all set to crush iPad’s building momentum, until Apple sent out invitations for a special event – “we’ve got a little more to show you”. And that’s for their smaller iPad model. And now, hot off the press, Google announces an Android event on October 29th and 1 minute ago TechCrunch tells me that they are launching ‘a tablet for everyone’ campaign with their $249 Chromebook from Samsung. A Chromebook for all – their newly sought mission. It’s war time and an interesting time to see how these wars will play out.

Who’s got the best hand?

Well, undoubtedly, Apple and Google are ahead in the game with popular OS’s ubiquitously used and Windows clearly has a lot of work to do to disrupt the market with its newbies. Read my earlier post on what they can do to yank the tablet market share. Hands down Android leads the apps market followed by Apple – universal truth, everyone knows.  And of course, the third musketeer is making best efforts- holding global hackathon for developers in over 60 cities starting November 9th to kick-start the nouveau Windows 8 development community. However the bigger problem still exists – Windows cannot create the grand slew of apps which the other guys have anytime soon.

Now, who’s acing the marketing strategy?

That’s a million dollar question. We all know that Apple has to do little on this front as it has cast a brand impression far and wide and lured people consistently to buy experience, design and style with the 1s, 2s, 3s and now Minis. All of they have to say is “we’ve got a little more to show you” and get ready for the long lines in front of their stores and make Foxconn in China work harder.

Google’s strategy is interesting and it almost seems reactive. However, a strategy exists. They’re using product, price, promotion and place tactics to takeover with their $249 Chromebooks. Yes, a first big marketing push for Chromebook with TV spots for the non-techie audience and expansion of its brick-and-mortar efforts by collaborating with almost 500 stores with special Chromebook kiosks.

But Microsoft by far is still the largest spender with the $1.8 billion number. And seems like being a new entrant, it’s almost inevitable if it needs to make a dent. What we have to remember though is it is competing with folks who already been there and done that pretty well and with folks who have cast a wide net with their marketplace and open source OS’s.

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The Mobile Scape Goes Crazy as September 12th Arrives!

The state of the market

Yes folks, the heat is on.  Apple is looking to announce its iPhone5 next week, Nokia and Motorola are ready to launch their next best phone this week, and Amazon plans to launch the newest version of its Kindle Fire – yes, it’s all  happening this week. Sony and Samsung showed off their Xperias, Galaxies, and Ativs last week at IFA 2012.  Google also completed its acquisition of Motorola Mobility, making Android’s position stronger and releasing couple of new devices this month.

Sony unveiled its new sleek tablet gizmo – Sony Vaio Top 20.  And Microsoft of course is creating some buzz around Windows 8 with Nokia Lumia.  IFA2012 saw Acers, Asus’s and Lenovos prototyping Windows 8 tablets. Earlier this quarter we’d seen the launch of the majestic Surface from the Redmond guys. These tablet style devices are ready to go head on with new mini-iPad (??) in the making.

And you might be thinking what I am thinking. Why are all these guys going crazy at the same time? Interestingly Michael Gartenberg, a technology analyst at Gartner thinks that the Apple created some insecurity in the market with its iPhone 5 announcement which led to this reactive movement. It could also be an amazing co-incidence of sorts too, who knows. No matter what the reason is, this is going to be an exciting market to examine but also a challenging one.

The patent wars

Market shares – Android has over 52%, Apple just spiked to 33%, RIM follows suite at 9%, followed by Microsoft at 3.6%.  Would the iPhone5 change these numbers and what will all these new announcements do to Android and Windows?  Apple’s position has definitely gotten stronger after the victory in its patent lawsuit with Samsung but that’s unlikely to dilute Android’s position. But Nokia might be able to benefit from this because MSFT rolled out Windows8 with Nokia and MSFT has a cross licensing agreement with Apple. Too many relationships to follow in the mobile market or should I say they are the marriages of convenience by enterprises to compete in market!!

The state of consumers and developers

No doubt, you and I have a lot to choose from and a lot to benefit from these OS wars. Screens, speeds, LOTs of apps, sizes, weights, sleeker keyboards, NFC chips, the ‘x’ factor and many such advanced features can help you decide which phone or tablet will suit your personality (if you can afford to ignore the price) – A Perfect story of a impeccably competitive market driven by consumer choice.

But if the OS guys need to gain share, they need to pamper their developers and secure their loyalty. Primarily because it is the developers’ enthusiasm that directly translates to hardware sales success –according to Kevin Restivo, a senior research analyst at IDC. And with new devices housing new OS’s there might be plenty of work for developers in adapting and readapting to support all these new devices and write new code for upgrades. The typical fragmentation problem. Unless, like Microsoft’s new Nokia phone software which is similar to the upcoming Windows 8 desktop and tablet software.  There developers can write apps easily for both which could build the platform’s popularity and may even lead developers to eventually build apps for Windows before Android.

The consumer in this market may get many choices but the quality is always going to be challenging as the OEMs are forced to bring innovation to market faster, developers are going to try to support as many devices and features that they can to capture global market and testing teams in most of the enterprises will be busy playing the catch up game – sometimes I wonder how is this impacting the investment and budgets associated with mobile in enterprise world!!!

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iOS Leading the Mobile Enterprise Market – Where are Android and Microsoft on This Trajectory?

IDC and Appcelerator Report

In my previous post, I had talked about how there might be a chance for Microsoft’s Surface to dominate the OS market by going Apple style with an enterprise twist.  And if Microsoft priced this correctly and set the level playing field with its OEMs, it might be able to hit it big. Well, although it has not lost it chance completely, seems like iOS is leading the charts in the enterprise market currently according to a research conducting by IDC and Appcelarator a mobile cloud platform company.

More than 3500 Appcelerator’s developers had participated in this survey. Windows8 still stands a chance and is peeking the interest of a lot of developers, but that is still future. Apple is present, current and NOW and is only competing with Android at the moment which is plagued with its fragmentation issues, which is making enterprises evaluate the widespread use of Android.

Can Microsoft Get to No. 2?

With its compelling ‘metro’ (not known as that anymore) UI, Windows8 tablets are still in the race and can potentially replace Android in the enterprise market with it successful legacy with the office suite and the Windows OS. As Microsoft Windows 8-based tablets begin to be introduced to the market in the second half of 2012 and the first half of 2013, there is the potential to dramatically change the current trajectories of mobile OS’s in the enterprise. And then there is the talk of Windows taking over Nokia to compete with Apple on the hardware/software play. We have to wait and watch to see how those moves would alter the market dynamics.

Does Google’s Acquisition of Motorola Mobility Factor In Androids Success?

According to Forrester Analysts, John McCarthy and Charles Golvin, Motorola’s acquisition means Google’s ticket to license all patents to HTC, Samsung and more.  Integrated hardware/software play to compete against Apple. And definitely jumpstart to Google TV. Not sure how the fragmentation issue in this case will be addressed. But in any case, with this acquisition, Google aims to connect in a multi connection world with multi devices. smartphones, PCs, tablets and TVs Motorola’s reach across these markets and it would benefit Google greatly. But the commitment to Android platform from here would still be questionable.

Developers’ optimism for Windows 8 tablets and phones sets up what may be the next battle among operating systems, and perhaps a reshuffling of the top three operating systems for mobile devices. As BlackBerry continues to fade from developer mindshare, Android lines up with the consumer market, Apple dominates in the enterprise, and Windows searches for its place. With seismic shifts like these and the numerous issues developers face with supporting multiple operating systems, requirements for cross platform development tools are here to stay.

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Watch Out SmartPhone Users…Olympics is Here!

I am sure all you guys have already downloaded that Olympics 2012 app on your mobile devices to watch the grandeur, follow the medal winners, buy your tickets, and place your bets. I downloaded one this morning too. And then, I read this report from ThreatMatirx on 5 major threats that will be encountered on smartphones during the Olympics this year.  I thought of sharing the findings with you guys as well, just in case you’re an Olympic freak like meJ.

Mobile devices have reached their ‘wild west’ stage according to PC world.  A state with no rules, and lots of lawlessness.  Smartphones are now ubiquitous, one in every hand, and an indispensable commodity, perhaps. But along with the many favorable possibilities, there is an emerging ecosystem of hackers and malicious developers exposing smartphone users to a lot of risk.  70 new malware threats were discovered on mobile devices in 2011, and 2012 is about to beat that number. Why are smartphones vulnerable? Because, people don’t see and understand the level of risk they’re exposed to. And so, they don’t care to take the precautions.

This might be a beginning, so if you want to enjoy your Olympics, watch out for these threats:

Dubious Apps – Yes, there will be many, who would try to access information from your device surreptitiously.  They would access your contact database and ask them to download the app on their devices as well. So you got to pay attention to the permissions when you download an app.

Drive by Downloads – You Google Olympics 2012, and click on a link to see the action. Guess what, that’s not a legit site or they have a malicious plot on a legit site and now your device is infected.

Hidden links – Be very careful of those shortened URLs, yes those Bit.Lys. There are tools which can help you figure if those are legit URLs or not. If you click on them blindly, you are likely to get to a malicious site.

Search Engine Poisoning – Hackers are gaming the search engines. They have ways to show up on the top pages and lure you into clicking on their links. So dive deeper, don’t just blindly click on the first few links.

Phising attacks – Cyber-crime is not new, but it takes a different dimension on mobile devices. If you’re in London and are looking for tickets, make sure you don’t buy them just because they’re cheap, they might be fake for all you know. Do your due diligence.

Not saying that your Olympic experience on mobile is trouble ridden, but it is always good to understand the risks. All you have to do is take a minute to think before you click on anything. How did you get to that link, did a friend send it to you or a stranger?  You read a post about Olympics and clicked on that link, who wrote that post? Your close Facebook friend, or someone you randomly follow on Twitter.  And post Olympics, keep the lessons from this article to have a mal-free experience on your phones.

Enjoy a great Olympics season!

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BlackBerry10 – Would this be a Game Changer for BlackBerry?

Blackberry Smartphone maker RIM has been behind iPhone and Android to provide ‘A’ class user experience. RIM’s market share has dropped down drastically from 41% in 2007 to 4% in 2012. Although it has been able to improve shares in India and China with mid-range smartphones, the future still looks bleak.

Playbook: Not so good user review

RIM which was pitching QNX based playbook device but did not get a good market response mainly because of the lack of essential features when the device was launched. Another setback relates to emails, Blackberry device need to be connected as a bridge for sending and receiving emails. It’s also the lack of good quality apps that are pushing end users to Android and iPad devices.

Fate of BlackBerry  Java based Phones:

RIM has lately realized that improving its java based blackberry OS would not provide the end user experience that is present in Android and iPhone devices. As RIM’s legacy OS was built with key based user interface in mind, it is not scalable enough to handle touch based user interfaces smoothly. With people preferences switching from a keyboard based device to a touch based device, it becomes hard for RIM to sell their legacy OS device.

BlackBerry 10 in News:

With the vision all set to work on developing a fast and smooth touch based device, Blackberry announced BlackBerry 10 in late 2011 to play in the smartphone market. RIM however has been delaying the launch of the device, now scheduled for Feb 2013. Hopefully, there would be no key features missing in their new device as was the case with Playbook.

Overview of BlackBerry 10:

Let me give an overview of the BlackBerry 10. It has QNX as the operating system which is time tested and extensively used in modern car systems, rocket launches and Nuclear power plants.  Mobile application development in QNX can be done using either native C/C++, Web Works, Adobe Air . BlackBerry 10 can also run android applications using android runtime player.

BlackBerry 10 native development

The native development is done using QNX Momentics IDE which provides drag and drop features for faster UI creation. It also has a very good UI previewer which can greatly reduce developer effort as it directly updates the UI in the previewer when you do changes in the QML document.

BlackBerry 10 uses cascades UI framework for developing rich and intuitive UI with 2D and 3D effects. The developers have two options for developing UI , writing code in C++ or using the markup (QML) . QML provides a more easier and flexible way for making UI. Various fine grained UI behaviors can be provided by using QML. Many of the cool UI components have been

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Mobile Web Application Test Automation – IV

I hope you found the first 3 parts of the blogs on Mobile Web Application Test Automation informative and helpful.
While Part 1 provides an introduction to mobile web automation, Part 2 talks about the testing methodology and how browser simulations will work and Part 3 focuses on browser simulation tools. Continuing the sequence, in Part 4, I will provide an overview of mobile web automation implementation using selenium webdriver, especially for android web browser.

Preface:

Webdriver enables you to run your tests against the browser running on a mobile device or a device emulator rather than having to use just the  desktop web browser trying to make them to behave like mobile web browser. You can run the tests against android as well as iPhone web browsers using webdriver.

Setup:

For setup, I followed the instruction provided in AndroidDriver wiki and get it worked.

How to automate:

I tried it with ISFW by setting properties for server, port and providing browser string as “androidRemoteDriver”.

selenium.server=localhost
selenium.port=4444
selenium.defaultBrowser=androidRemoteDriver

 

The easiest way over here is to record using selenium IDE and export to ISFW format. If the web application has User-Agent awareness and generates User-Agent specific content, for example google search page or gmail, then one can simulate Firefox for mobile User-Agent as described in Part 3 during recording phase.

Sample Code:

public
class AndroidDemo extends BaseTestCase {
    @Test(description = “Google search”)
    public
void tc01() {
        IsSelenium selenium = getSTB().getSelenium();
        WaitService waitService = new WaitService();

        selenium.open(“/”);

        waitService.waitForPageToLoad();

        selenium.type(“q”, “infostretch test automation framework”);

        selenium.submit(“q”);

        getSTB().assertElementPresent(

                “link=InfoStretch Selenium Test Automation Framework”,

                “link InfoStretch Test Automation Framework”);

    }

}

 

Execution:

Before run automation, you need to execute following commands from command line to create/ start avd and install/start selenium server in avd manually as described in AndroidDriver wiki.

  1. android create avd -n my_android -t 12 -c 100M
  2. emulator -avd <avdName> -no-audio -no-boot-anim
  3. adb -e install -r <dir>/android-server*.apk
  4. adb shell am start -a android.intent.action.MAIN -n org.openqa.selenium.android.app/.MainActivity
  5. adb forward tcp:4444 tcp:8080

Here command #1 to create AVD (Android Virtual Device) requires only one time execution. Command #3 needs to be executed once or after you wipe data. Command #4 will start selenium RC in AVD from command line so you don’t need to search and start the applications in a device/emulator. Before executing command #4,  you need to wait for emulator boot status complete. Finally, run batch file to run test and that’s it…

This task can be automated using ant script including the wait for boot complete and server ready. I have also integrated it with Hudson using Android plug-in. You can find details on integration with Hudson here.

Conclusions:

  • You can test your web application with a mobile emulator or with a real device.
  • Lesser efforts are required in setting up this environment compared to desktop browser simulation approach. You can utilize the simulation approach for getting information about web elements during automation development phase or to record test using IDE.
  • It is cost effective if you run against emulator but slower compared to real device.
  • Makes it as simple as web automation for desktop browser.
  • ISFW provides strength to webdriver by fulfilling automation’s common aspects (data-driven, reporting, integration with test management tools, etc)
  • Here are some Pros & Cons of using webdriver.

Screenshots:

  1. Execution
  2. Result/Report
  3. Attached Screenshot in report

 

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